Microcystis flosaquae is a spherical or irregular colonial cyanobacterium found in freshwater environments worldwide. Its colonies consist of spherical or ovoid cells with diameters ranging from 2 to 8 micrometers, each enclosed by a thin cell wall. The cells contain chlorophyll-a and pigments like phycocyanin and phycoerythrin, giving them a greenish-blue appearance. Microcystis flosaquae regulates buoyancy with gas vesicles and reproduces primarily through binary fission, with the ability to form akinetes for survival in adverse conditions. It thrives in nutrient-rich waters and can produce toxins called microcystins, which pose risks to aquatic life and human health during algal blooms.