Melosira granulata is a colonial diatom species typically forming long chains or filaments composed of cylindrical, elongated valves. These valves exhibit fine, parallel longitudinal striae and each possesses a central raphe extending along its length. Found predominantly in freshwater environments such as lakes, ponds, and slow-moving rivers, Melosira granulata ranges in size from 50 to 200 micrometers. It reproduces both sexually, forming auxospores, and asexually through cell division (mitosis). This species plays an important ecological role in freshwater ecosystems.