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Scientific Name: Macrothrix spinosa King, 1853
English Name: Water Flea
Local/Bangla Name: Pani Poka (পানি পোকা)
Zooplankton : Macrothrix spinosa

Photo: Rogelio Moreno (flickr)

Classification:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Branchiopoda
Order: Anomopoda
Family: Macrothricidae
Description:
The female of this species has a broadly rounded oval body, with a minutely serrated and evenly arched dorsal margin. The middle part of the ventral margin is subangulated and obliquely ascending posteriorly, with a distinct short protrusion at the posterior end. The head is moderately large and subtriangular, with a slightly prominent rostral projection. At the level of the compound eye, there is an abruptly widening head shield present. In lateral view, a ridge departs from the compound eye, arching at the level of the base of the antenna and running downwards towards the ventral edge of the head shield. The apex has enlarged antennules, with several fine incisions and clusters or rows of setules on the anterior margin and a ventral angulation. The shell is obscurely reticulate with more or less distinct squamous sculpturing on the dorsal surface and a minute serrulate appearance of the dorsal edge. The ventral edge of the valves is serrated and armed with slender spines. The eye is large, with a small ocellus situated very close to the base of the antennules. The postabdomen is short, bilobed, and has a row of strong small anal denticles along the dorsal edge, along with a row of minute lateral spines. The concave margin of the short claw bears setae. The length of the organism is approximately 0.31 mm. In terms of its life cycle, this species displays both sexual and asexual phases. Normally, the population consists entirely of females that reproduce asexually. Under optimal conditions, reproduction occurs as early as 4-7 days of age, with each female producing broods of 4-22 offspring. Broods are produced every 1.5-2.0 days, with most females producing 2-6 broods during their lifetime. However, under adverse environmental conditions, males are produced, and sexual reproduction occurs, resulting in the production of resting eggs called ephippia, similar to those of brine shrimp eggs.
Habitat & Distribution in Bangladesh:
Commonly found in rivers in Bangladesh, such as the Halda River.
Environment:
Freshwater
Main References:

Ahmed ATA, Kabir SMH, Ahmad M, Rahman AKA, Haque EU, Ahmed ZU, Begum ZNT, Hassan MA, Khondker M (eds.) (2008) Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, Vol. 18. Part II. Arthropoda: Crustacea. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka, 226 pp

DNA Barcodes from Bangladesh
GenBank Accession Number:
Other DNA Barcodes & Nucleutide Sequences
Global IUCN conservation status:
Other Information