A distinguishing characteristic of Brachionus donneri is its lorica, an external shell composed of two distinct plates. The upper plate forms a calyx-like structure over the head region, while the lower plate is elliptical and covers the remainder of the body. This lorica serves to offer both structural support and protection to the rotifer.
Brachionus donneri possesses a highly developed digestive system, featuring an elongated pharynx and a muscular stomach. Furthermore, its reproductive system is well-developed, comprising a pair of ovaries and testes situated in the posterior region of the body.